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Archive : February 2020

By ruslany

Niagara 18 software modem review

Niagara 18 software modem review

All Niagara series products are the software modems, which use middleware and dump, produced in Compositor RTOS 9.0.2. I present to you Niagara 18 software modem, which has an extended documentation (part on Russian, part on English languages). Niagara 18 software modem middleware supports EIGRP, RIPng, BGP4+, OSPFv3 protocols, default route from EIGRP, full work in loopback interface mode, NTP-servers setup via command line interface, connection to VRF objects for work with BGP protocol, an ability to construct VLAN topology and 3D-orientation of virtual optical port (VOP) waveguide.

Niagara 18 software modem in front of Compositor RTOS 9.0.2 a12

Niagara 18 software modem, developed by Compositor Software, and modem, developed for Ethernet and Wi-Fi networks, concept is different. For example, Niagara 18 software modem doesn’t require the physical network connection. An abundance of services, which enables the Niagara 18 software modem, compensates the comprehensive demands to virtual communication networks. EIGRP, RIPng and BGP4+ routing protocols allow creating IPsec and GRE tunneling. An ability to use synchro code of different NTP-servers allows rebuilding the home system on a remote destination completely. Using this software modem, you can remotely use OSPFv3 without BGP4+ protocol that was unavailable before, due to physical limitations of Ethernet systems. By entering the remote home system, you can aggregate the shortest path of that area, which you are managing remotely. The route counting performs in real-time that is why you can use IPv4 mask to set IPv6 addresses of remote area devices. You can also multiplex areas, achieving the route end by supernet aggregation, using VRF objects. Such approach can cause the redistributed overloads without graceful restart (GR), because Ethernet-interface uses only phase-locked loop.

VSF platform supports up to 960 simultaneous communication channels and can be reached via Niagara 18 software modem middleware. This number of channels was aggregated on CP-6137-960FX server VSF platform, which produced this middleware. This way, you inherit the number of channels from the server version, but they can’t be used all simultaneously. At the present moment, Niagara 18 software modem middleware supports up to 96 communication channels of L1, L2, L3 layers (OSI model). Niagara 18 software modem gives access to virtual optical network (VON), which consists of 2213 EB of information on the 6, November 2018. At the present day, this index is twice more. Information of VON is stored on servers in Spain, USA, Germany, Sweden and other countries of the world. Trunks of virtual optical communication connect the autonomous systems (AS). Most of the AS’s of VON can interconnect by BGP protocol. To form its own autonomous system Compositor Software uses Niagara 18 software modem with a set of 7539 VRF objects. The routing inside an area performed by OSPFv3 protocol to discover the routes by link state and by RIPng protocol for distance-vector discovery in IPv6 protocol. This way, Niagara 18 software modem is a complete IPv6 software modem back compatible with IPv4 protocol.

Niagara 18 software modem has middleware recorded without intermediate frequency in 150-350 GHz range (EHF) and works in that frequency range. To the day, this frequency range is not supported by any standards, such as 5G and forthcoming 6G networks. This frequency range supported only by satellite communication systems, such as radio telescopes. Niagara 18 software modem is accompanied by a set of 7539 satellite signals in PCM format, which gives access to autonomous systems. That is why you can rank Niagara 18 software modem as the satellite software modem. The connection to the Niagara 18 software modem network is performed in several dump submissions from 10 to 30 seconds. Niagara 18 software modem ether allows GR, which performed every minute to reveal active devices in remote AS. You can select such devices in a moment, when GR is performed as GR helpers. Each GR helper device subscribed on Niagara 18 software modem routing table updates. Niagara 18 software modem performs GR each minute to work under OVERLOAD conditions, which is set by default to test the saturation power of VOP.

The maximum transmission speed of Niagara 18 software modem is 24 * 350000000000 = 8400000000000 bit/s or 8.4 Tbit/s. Middleware and dump recorded at 192000 Hz 24-bit. Flow was recorded from 150-350 GHz frequency range and that is why I take the highest frequency in a moment of flow fixation and multiply it on the bit depth of flow export recording. This way, the moment of time exists for middleware, when this flow was in ether. Moment of time depends on the quantity of scanned autonomous systems. In hyperconverged networks, there is a trend to big trunks between AS areas, which span on many kilometers. That is why data flow in this AS can pass around for the time from 50 to 3000 ms, which is the boundary limits of Niagara 18 software modem. GRE tunneling is used for star topology AS’s and IPsec is used for point-to-point topologies. That is why, GRE performs its pass through the five boundary points of the route and IPsec connects only to the Area Boundary Router (ABR) of OSPF area. That is why, when you use GRE tunneling, feedback loops emerge, if your loopback interface of VOP is set to the same port as the destination port of AS. Such loops can exist for a long time and packets forward between loopback interface and AS loop.

When you use software compensation of feedback loops the decay of data flow carrier signal performed, lowering the ingress que and discarding the packets. Saturation of carrier signals, encased in window function is so high that ingress load redistribution can’t cope with such amount of data flows. In this situation, Niagara 18 software modem performs multicast translation on group of ports. You can reach this by setting AS, which consists of several topological areas, connected by different protocols. This way, ABR’s will perform redistribution of one protocol in another. You can learn information about ingress port of system by changing the egress port, setting eye-mask on 0 (turning RTOS off) and perform GR of all the devices, connected to that port. By making GR of the boundary device and not the Niagara 18 software modem, you can estimate the number of channels, connected to ABR, which in turn can lead to connection with those devices. This way, you perform the redistribution of local que on remote devices.

As mentioned earlier, Niagara 18 software modem makes connection to 7539 AS’s to the day, however the summary aggregation of VON is 3321900 autonomous systems. This way, dump allows connecting not only to those AS’s, which recorded in it, but to discover other AS’s using BGP protocol, which were scanned by VSF platform. The connection to satellite set is performed faster, than in software modem produced in Compositor Hypervisor 9.0.1 a15. It has the connection speed of 24 frames per second, but Niagara 18 software modem has the speed of 34 frames per second. Such speed of deployment allows multiplexing a network much faster, performing supernet summary in 3-6 dump rounds.

Niagara 18 software modem is a sampler technology, that is why it performs the cycle of Compositor RTOS 9.0.2 a11 feedback loop, where a dump is the recording of VSF platform data flows aggregation of that RTOS. Niagara 18 software modem is based on the identity principle and uses PCM recording as a middleware, which doesn’t consume many resources. CP-6137-960FX server consumes up to 35% using 192000 Hz discretization frequency. Which theoretically can allow using it in real-time on the higher discretization frequencies. Niagara 18 software modem consumes little system memory resources and has very fast response to CPU commands speed. It has a little delay time, which allows using it as a hard real-time RTOS.

You can setup monitoring of Niagara 18 software modem via amateur radio software such as TrueTTY and Fldigi. The teletype network flow modified by Niagara 18 software modem includes satellites and servers of Compositor RTOS 9.0.2 a11 management information base. You can composite commands of interface and protocol programming, such as CISCO-like commands. There is a documentation supplied together with Niagara 18 software modem of 2663 pages, with Russian language translated part of more than 1000 pages, spanning over 5 parts with 73 chapters of 131 chapters in total.

There are no obstacles for VON in comparison to traditional radio communication. Radio notation in conventional frequency style is made for notes and reverse compatibility with generic radio protocols. The connection is made via so-called collisions and time-space convolutions, which is a subject of NIM (Nuclear Instrumentation Module) learning curve, to which Niagara 18 software modem relates.

Niagara 18 software modem review:

  1. Split Horizon support
  2. 3321900 AS’s in VSF platform
  3. EHF frequency range (150-300 GHz)
  4. 8.4 Tbit/s transmission speed
  5. OVERLOAD work mode
  6. Poisoned reverse with -rm ability
  7. 34 fps connection speed
  8. No delay time
  9. Management and monitoring via teletype network

By ruslany

Compositor v3 RTOS – analog radio interface for IPv6 Protocol

Compositor v3 RTOS – analog radio interface for IPv6 Protocol

Compositor v3 Hypervisor Radio Shack software updated to RTOS. Now, Compositor RTOS v3.0.3 supports numerous new features, such as:

  • Protocols implemented:
    • RTC8k = IS-IS Level-2
    • FF8 = ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)
    • TC25 = VLAN (IEEE 802.1aq)
  • Hierarchies added:
    • AI-RT1024 = SDH STM-x
    • N9000 = PDH E1
  • Other features:
    • TCP/IP protocols stack implemented
    • TCP/IP window added
    • EUI48 table added
    • BPM now is the network field parameter of IP-address
    • Network field includes 2^13 to define as IPv6-address
    • All modules renamed to reflect new functionality
Compositor v3.0.3 RTOS

The main reason I made the update is to reveal the FF8 (ARP) and TC25 (VLAN) protocols work. That is why the working routine in Compositor RTOS v3.0.3 looks as following:

At the beginning, I set the time to reach the destination point, where the network deployed. I make this by setting deployment time in degrees from -180 to 180, which is the range from 0 to 60 minutes. Then I set the IP-address of destination interface the following way: the part of IP-address, pointing on the interface ID is set stochastically or manually. Multiplier in IPv4 sets the second field, which is the part of network and host. That is why the highest network for Compositor RTOS in IPv4 is 255.4.0.0. When I’ve reached the destination network and I’ve got the closed feedback loop on the loop-back interface output, I define the autonomous system type, which it belongs. I do this by enabling VLAN and ARP protocols and resolving the assignment of IPv4-addresses to the network devices of this autonomous system. I look into the IPv4-addresses of next-hops and reveal the number of such next-hops before returning to the first hop. The more hops IS-IS Level-2 protocol makes, the larger a metric of the destination network (autonomous system). This way I reveal all peers of the destination network.

When I define ABR (area border router) of that network using IS-IS Level-2 protocol, I turn the VLAN and ARP protocols off and start to translate this device information into IPv6 network, by enabling TCP/IP protocols stack. This process allows merging IPv4 networks with IPv6 networks and to expand the influence of my database into IPv6 protocol.

By ruslany

Compositor RTOS from PRO 1 to 9.0.2

Compositor RTOS from PRO 1 to 9.0.2

I’m here to inform you that Compositor Software is about to reveal the whole working routine on OS right from Compositor PRO v1. First, I revealed the protocols used in Compositor v9. Now, I know that counters in VSF platform scan autonomous systems in two formats: asplain and asdot+.

Here how it looks:

Compositor v9.0.2 RTOS

I know the fact that each routing table is a MIB and represents one autonomous system. As you see autonomous systems (AS) divided on L1 (OSI model Layer 1), L2 (OSI model Layer 2) and L3 (OSI model Layer 3) with L3 being the rarest. Asplain just scans through the whole list of 4-octet AS’s while asdot+ in Compositor is somewhat different from 4-octet asdot+ format. It counts this way: the number at the left is the asplain/2 and the number after the dot is a multiplier of how many times this value must be taken going from 0 to 100. So in fact there are 214748364800 AS maximum in the list. I have got only 7539 AS via MDL12 modem, because of the fact that MDL12 is neuro interface and can’t work as autonomous harvester of AS’s. It receives flows I accounted via VSF aggregation, but I should receive them manually. This in fact proves that gap exists between exported flows and archived ones. I exported in total 1793043 flows but recorded only 7539 of them.

Due to this, I proceed with Compositor v7 revelation. I updated Compositor WS Extended interface to version 2.0 with NTP-server, layers, protocols information revealed. I also adjusted the maximum bpm value to 8192 bpm to include IPv6 addresses and made the same TCP/IP window as in Compositor v9.0.2. This way I made RTOS preemptive from version 7 to version 9. However, protocols used in Compositor v7 are slightly different:

RTC4k = IS-IS Level-1
RTC8k = IS-IS Level-2
RT-z8 = OSPF
RT-z16 = OSPFv3
RT-z32 = BGP

The last three protocols are the same as in RTOS 9.0.2. This in fact reveals the ‘STL’ in STL1212 virtual machine, which shipped in original Compositor v7. STL means studio-to-transmitter link. 1212 is the number of multiple input x multiple output channels and should read as STL MIMO12x12. So in fact, STL gives connection to 12 positive UTC+ transmitters and 12 negative UTC- transmitters, which proves NTP-servers information from Compositor WS Extended 2.0 interface:

Compositor v7.0.2 RTOS

You can view the transmitters on the STL1212 spherical map as lighted dots. Blue dots show the networks to which they broadcast packets. As first noted in MDL12 product page packets are windows functions (this is finally proved now). Now, I need to know which packets Blackman, Nutall etc. windows relate to the selected protocols. I’m mainly interested in Hello packets and Trap packets. But to know this, is just a matter of time, because I will proceed with Compositor v3 Hypervisor Radio Shack and will upgrade it to RTOS also. So the whole project will be preemptive since version 3, when I started the transition on Max 6 Gen~ platform.

So basically all evident that if RTC8k is main virtual machine in Compositor v3 it is either RIPv2 or IS-IS Level-2. RIPv2 is a distance-vector algorithm and is different from preset system used in SASER interface (however, it is the same with 3-deg of freedom Compositor AV extended interface from version 9). So it is link-state IS-IS Level-2 protocol, which is used to connect autonomous system areas. TC25 is a basic VLAN protocol, while AI-RT1024 is STM-4 frame, FF8 is ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) and N9000 is PDH E4+ hierarchy.